Eggplant is a thermophilic crop, generally planted in early spring and planted in spring and summer. However, due to the concentrated listing in the summer, the price is relatively low, which affects the cultivation efficiency. Binchuan and other low-heat areas use the warm climate characteristics of autumn and winter. After the development of autumn, the eggplant is back-season cultivated and often obtains better results.
First, timely nursery
Eggplants are sown in the fall and cultivated in June-July. Due to the high temperature during the period and more rainfall, the planting method of seedlings with shade nets is generally adopted for exposing sorghum seedlings. The seedbed land should be easily drained and irrigated, the land should be fertile, and the bedding should be deep trenched and drained. After sowing, cover with a layer of straw moisturizing, shading with a shade net to cool, to prevent rain erosion and sun exposure. After the top seedlings of the seedlings, they gently uncovered the straw, and the shade nets were uncovered at two in the morning and evening. Shade nets were used to shade the shade at noon. Until the seedlings grow to three true leaves, remove the shade nets and pour a little faecal water. General seedling age 20-25 days can be planted. About 7 days before planting, the seedbeds were fed with a single fertilizer and sprayed with an insecticide and disease-preventing mixture. Mancozeb 800 sprays can be used.
Second, fertilizer and water management
1, Shi foot base fertilizer. During the site preparation, 1,000 kg of decomposed pig manure was applied per acre, and 50 kg of superphosphate was also used as a base fertilizer. When making soil preparations, it is required to support the three channels of the ditch, waist ditch and car ditch, and to open the car in the north and south according to the narrow ditch high car preparation site. Generally, the width of the plant is widened (including the ditch) and 1.5 meters are planted in two rows with a spacing of 40-50 cm. Colonization should be carried out on a sunny evening, with as many transplants as possible. The depth of transplanting was based on the cotyledon and sorghum level, and the root water was poured immediately after planting.
2, top dressing. After the plants survived, fertilizer was applied once every half a month. 10 kg of urea and 5 kg of potassium sulfate were used to water the roots. In the full fruit period, plants are prone to premature aging. In addition to topdressing quick-acting fertilizers, extra-root fertilizers can also be applied. Generally, 0.3%-0.5% urea plus 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixture is used for foliar spray.
3, water management. Attention should be paid to irrigation, drought prevention, and waterlogging prevention. Before the irrigation, the weather conditions can be grasped. The water can be flooded or drenched, but not flooded. In case of heavy rain, heavy rain should be drained in time.
Third, pruning leaves
The most vigorous growth of 2-3 branches below the phylum was preserved, and the remaining branches and axillary buds were erased as soon as possible to reduce nutrient consumption. After the plant is sealed, the old leaves and diseased leaves at the base should be removed in stages to facilitate ventilation. The results should be timely to pick up the heart in the later period, so that all the nutrients can concentrate and promote fruits to improve the commercial quality of the fruit in the later period.
IV. Pest Control
After autumn, eggplant cultivation due to the relatively high temperature in early growth, humidity is relatively high, prone to diseases such as anthrax, anthrax, downy mildew, spider mites, and tobacco budworms. Late drying is prone to rust and powdery mildew. Should take preventive measures as soon as possible according to the law of the incidence.
V. Harvesting
Eggplant should be timely harvested in advance to promote the rapid expansion of the fruit above, increase the fruit setting rate. The harvest of the second layer of fruit (for eggplant) should be timely harvested based on the market conditions and the size of the “Leafeye” in order to obtain high yield values.
